中文摘要：

Epstein-Barr 病毒(EBV ) 是无所不在地在人建立终生的坚持的一个 oncogenic 病毒。为了保证它的幸存并且维持它的 B 细胞转变，工作， EBV 开发了强大的策略躲避宿主免疫者回答。新兴的证据证明了 microRNAs (miRNAs ) 是细胞的动态平衡的维护的强大的管理者。在这评论，我们总结 EBV 怎么为有免疫力的避免利用 miRNAs 的当前的进步。EBV 编码指向的 miRNAs 病毒并且涉及有免疫力的反应的主人基因。miRNAs 在二基因簇被发现，并且最近的研究证明了这些簇的缺乏增加感染的房间的 CD4 ⁺ 和 CD8 ⁺ T 房间反应。这些报告强烈显示 EBV miRNAs 为有免疫力的避免是批评的。另外， EBV 对 dysregulate 有能力许多主人 miRNAs 的表示，哪个影响多重免疫者相关的分子和发信号的小径。经由调整 EBV 的 miRNAs 和病毒的蛋白质的 exosomes 的运输贡献煽动性的肿瘤微型环境的构造和修正。在 EBV 有免疫力的避免，病毒的蛋白质，有免疫力的房间， chemokines，支持 inflammatory cytokines，和 pro-apoptosis 期间，分子被包含。我们在有免疫力的避免的 miRNAs 的角色的增加的知识将改进 EBV 坚持和帮助的理解为联系 EBV 的癌症和另外的疾病开发新治疗。

英文摘要：

Epstein-Barr virus（EBV） is an oncogenic virus that ubiquitously establishes life-long persistence in humans. To ensure its survival and maintain its B cell transformation function, EBV has developed powerful strategies to evade host immune responses. Emerging evidence has shown that micro RNAs（mi RNAs） are powerful regulators of the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. In this review, we summarize current progress on how EBV utilizes mi RNAs for immune evasion. EBV encodes mi RNAs targeting both viral and host genes involved in the immune response. The mi RNAs are found in two gene clusters, and recent studies have demonstrated that lack of these clusters increases the CD4~＋ and CD8~＋ T cell response of infected cells. These reports strongly indicate that EBV mi RNAs are critical for immune evasion. In addition, EBV is able to dysregulate the expression of a variety of host mi RNAs, which influence multiple immune-related molecules and signaling pathways. The transport via exosomes of EBV-regulated mi RNAs and viral proteins contributes to the construction and modification of the inflammatory tumor microenvironment.During EBV immune evasion, viral proteins, immune cells, chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and pro-apoptosis molecules are involved. Our increasing knowledge of the role of mi RNAs in immune evasion will improve the understanding of EBV persistence and help to develop new treatments for EBV-associated cancers and other diseases.