中文摘要：

目的：高胆固醇饲料（HCD）诱导家兔动脉粥样硬化和高脂血症，分析家兔血浆一氧化氮（NO）水平与动脉粥样硬化损伤之间的关系。方法20只雄性日本大耳白家兔随机分为对照组和实验组，分别饲喂正常饲料或 HCD 16周，检测血脂水平，分离主动脉树，苏丹Ⅳ染色，分析动脉粥样斑块面积。苏木精伊红染色、范吉尔森弹性纤维染色以及免疫组织化学染色方法分析主动脉弓部斑块的组织学特征，检测血浆 NO 水平，并与动脉粥样硬化斑块面积以及斑块中巨噬细胞的表达量进行相关性分析。结果与对照组相比，实验组家兔血浆总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及 NO 水平均显著升高。实验组家兔主动脉血管内壁出现大量动脉粥样硬化斑块。动脉粥样硬化斑块面积大小及斑块内巨噬细胞表达量与血浆中 NO 水平呈正相关。结论在 HCD 诱导的家兔动脉粥样硬化斑块中，斑块面积大小及斑块中巨噬细胞表达量均与血浆 NO 有相关性。这提示血浆 NO 水平可能与动脉粥样硬化初期发生和发展相关。

英文摘要：

Objective To analyze the correlation between plasma nitric oxide （NO）level and atherosclerotic lesion in high cholesterol-fed （HCD ） rabbits.Methods Twenty male Japanese white rabbits were divided randomly into two groups,which were fed with normal diet （control group,n =10）or HCD （experimental group, n =10 ）for 1 6 weeks.At the end of the experiment,plasma lipid and NO levels were measured.The gross atherosclerotic lesions in each group were detected by Sudan IV staining while intimal lesion area was measured by hematoxylin/eosin （HE）and elastica van gieson （EVG）.Moreover,the macrophages （MΦ）and smooth muscle cells （SMC）were detected by immunohistochemical staining.The correlation analysis was made to reveal the relationship between atherosclerotic lesions and plasma NO level.Results Compared with those in control group, the total cholesterol （TC）,triglyceride （TG）,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）and NO levels all increased significantly in experimental group.Atherosclerotic lesions appeared on the vascular wall in the latter group.The area of atherosclerotic lesions and MΦ in the plaque had a positive association with plasma NO level. Conclusion There is a relationship between plasma NO level and the size of HCD-induced atherosclerotic lesions in rabbits.Meanwhile,the MΦ positive area in the atherosclerotic plaque is also associated with plasma NO level in cholesterol-fed rabbits,suggesting that plasma NO level may be associated with the occurrence and progress of early atherosclerosis.