中文摘要：

动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）是威胁全人类健康、导致死亡率最高的疾病,ASCVD病理基础是动脉粥样硬化（AS）.本文回顾了ASCVD流行概况以及AS发生、发展的病理生理过程,总结了ASCVD危险因素和新的生物标记.结合自己的研究经验,作者认为C反应蛋白是ASCVD marker而不是maker.基因敲除家兔模型制作成功,对研究人类ASCVD提供了新的手段.本文讨论了美国ACC/AHA最新颁布的《2013版胆固醇治疗降低成人ASCVD风险指南》中他汀治疗降低血脂方案对中国人的启示,并提出当他汀单独使用不能满足抗ASCVD效果时,他汀与其他药物联合使用是一种有效防治ASCVD的策略.

英文摘要：

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease （ASCVD） caused by atherosclerosis is the most frequent cause of mortality in the world.It has been shown that atherosclerosis in the human can be traced back to the ancient time.The process of atherosclerosis starts as early as infancy,and the disease progresses throughout the whole life.In this paper,we first review the epidemiology of ASCVD,and then summarize the pathologic process and risk factors for atherosclerosis as well as some novel biomarkers of ASCVD.Our previous study revealed that C-creative protein,a new biomarker of ASCVD,does not play a role as a maker in atherosclerosis.Knock-out rabbit models can be created by recent novel biotechnologies and will become an ideal and powerful animal model of atherosclerosis.It is well known that statins are potent lipid-lowering drugs by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase,and have been proved effective in preventing and treating ASCVD.The therapy of statins for Chinese patients with ASCVD is recommended based on 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults.If patients with ASCVD cannot be effectively treated with statins alone,there is a need to have alternative therapies in combination with other drugs.