中文摘要：

气体电子倍增器（GEM）是近年来发展起来的一种新型气体探测器。本文首先介绍了GEM的结构和模拟的原理,然后基于有限元的方法建立GEM三维模型,并计算电场分布,将所得的GEM结构模型导入GARFIELD软件,实现GEM透过率和增益的计算。并进一步改变GEM的各项参数,如结构、电场和所充气体气压、配比等研究对GEM透过率和增益的影响,分析了参数变化对GEM性能的影响,从而为GEM的参数优化提供理论指导。

英文摘要：

The electric field distribution of the gas electron multiplier（GEM）,a newly-developed gas detector,was physically modeled and mathematically simulated in finite element method.The electron transparency and gain characteristics were simulated with the software package,GARFIELD,based on the 3-dimension GEM model.The impacts of the various factors involved,such as the GEM geometry,electric field distribution,pressure,and proportion of different gases,on the electron transparency and gain of the GEM were simulated.We suggest that the simulated results may be of much technological interest in optimizing the GEM design and its operating conditions.Further simulation of the multi-layered GEM and thick gas electron multiplier（THGEM）was also tentatively discussed.