中文摘要：

采用抑菌圈法测定了槐定碱、苦参碱、氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱、苦豆子总碱对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、番茄早疫、番茄灰霉和辣椒炭疽的抗菌活性。试验结果表明,5种生物碱对3种细菌生长均具有显著的抑制作用,其中槐定碱和苦参碱对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和番茄早疫的抗菌效果明显优于其他3种生物碱,苦参碱对大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）达到12.5μg/mL。5种生物碱对3种真菌的抗菌效果弱于对3种细菌的抗菌效果,5种生物碱对3种真菌的MIC大于等于100μg/mL,氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱和苦豆子总碱对番茄灰霉菌的MIC均达400μg/mL。在质量浓度为100μg/mL时,5种生物碱中仅槐定碱表现出对辣椒炭疽菌的抑制作用。苦豆子总碱抗菌活性影响因素的试验结果表明,苦豆子总碱具有良好的热稳定性,在弱碱性条件下（pH8左右）具有更好的抑菌活性,在至少12 h内能够持续、稳定的对供试菌产生抑制作用。

英文摘要：

The biological activity of sophoridine,matrine,oxymatrine,oxysophocarpine and total alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroides against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis,Alternaria solani,Botrytis cinerea and Vermicularia capsici have been tested using the inhibition zone method.The results showed that all the alkaloids exhibited excellent inhibitory activities against the three types of bacteria.The inhibitory effects of sophoridine and matrine against Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis and Alternaria solani were greater than that of the other alkaloids.The minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC） of matrine with Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis was 12.5μg/mL.Fungistasis of the five types of alkaloids with the three types of vegetable pathogenic fungi had lower activities than that in the case of the three types of bacteria.The MIC of the five types of alkaloids for the three types of fungi were all ≥100μg/mL,and the MIC of oxymatrine,oxysophocarpine and Sophora alopecuroides total alkaloids for Botrytis cinerea reached 400μg/mL.At a concentration of 100μg/mL,only sophoridine showed an inhibitory effect against Alternaria solani.The total alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroides showed good thermal stability and optimum antibacterial activity under weakly alkaline conditions（about pH 8）,and showed a sustained and steady inhibitory effect on trial bacteria within 12hours.