中文摘要：

商业银行是一国经济中特殊的商业存在,其风险承担后果不仅对商业银行本身造成损失,更对金融市场乃至整个经济产生强大的溢出效应。通过数理推导证实了商业银行风险承担的动机正是银行独一无二的风险转移机制,并进一步利用美国、日本和印度2787家商业银行数据实证检验银行风险承担动机的存在,且与银行存款比重、所有者权益比重和存款保险制度显著正相关。基于此,为了约束商业银行风险承担动机,中央银行和银行监管部门必须实施诸如加强外部监管、提升直接融资比重、协调货币政策和监管政策等措施。

英文摘要：

Commercial banks are the special existence in one country＇ s economy, and its risk taking behavior will not only cause losses to itself, but also have a strong negative spillover effect on the financial market and the whole economy. Through mathematical analysis, we confirmed that the commercial banks risk taking motivation is the unique bank risk transfer mechanism. Then we make an empirical test by the data of the 2787 commercial banks located in the United States, Japan and India which confirmed the existence of the bank g risk transfer mechanism. Based on that, the Central bank and Regulatory authority should do lots of things to restrict the banks risk taking behavior. The measures including strengthening external supervision, improving the ratio of direct financing, coordinating the monetary and regulatory policy.