中文摘要：

稀有鮈鲫（Gobiocypris rarus）已作为新型实验动物而逐渐成为生物学研究各领域的热门对象, 但是, 其系统分类位置仍存在争议。本研究制作了稀有鮈鲫的透明骨骼标本, 对其骨骼特征进行描述;选取47个形态特征, 与鲤科各亚科鱼类的典型特征进行比较, 建立了分支分析特征矩阵, 并使用PAUP4.0软件中的最大简约法（MP）构建系统发育树。结果显示, 稀有鮈鲫和鮈亚科鱼类聚在一起, 属于鮈亚科。

英文摘要：

The phylogenetic position of Gobiocypris rarus, a small cyprinid fish of interest in many biological areas due to its unique characteristics, is still under debate. At the morphological view, it belongs to the Danioninae subfamily of Cyprinidae; however, recent molecular research recognizes it as a member of the Gobioninae subfamily. To investigate the phylogenetic position of Gobiocypris rarus, we prepared transparent skeleton specimens, selected 47 characteristics and reconstructed the phylogenetic tree using PAUP. The results indicated that Gobiocypris rarus was clustered with Gobioninae, which was in agreement with recent molecular phylogenetic conclusions.