中文摘要：

本研究旨在探讨中国青少年应激下皮质醇应答和风险决策相关性的性别差异。本研究以健康初中生为被试者,采用特里尔社会应激测试（Trier Social Stress Test, TSST）诱发机体应激反应,测试唾液皮质醇在应激前后不同时间段的水平,并要求被试者在应激状态下完成气球模拟风险决策任务（Balloon Analogue Risk Task, BART）。结果发现,男性在 TSST 诱导下皮质醇反应度显著高于女性,男性中高皮质醇应答者BART表现为更高程度的冒险行为和更低的总奖励金额,而女性中高皮质醇应答者BART表现为更高的总奖励金额。研究结果提示,中国青少年应激条件下皮质醇应答与风险决策之间的联系存在性别差异,尤其在男性,高皮质醇应答者更具有冒险行为。

英文摘要：

Acutely elevated levels of cortisol are associated with euphoria and reward-like properties related to sensation-seeking behavior. Moreover, research suggested cortisol response had different effects on risk taking in males and females. The main purpose of this research was to test whether cortisol reactivity to stress was associated with decision-making and there had the gender difference. Healthy junior school students performed the Trier Social Stress Test （TSST）, and the objective measure-salivary cortisol at different time points were assessed. Then, participants played a Balloon Analogue Risk Task （BART） to measure decision-making after completing TSST. The results showed that male participants exhibited a significant increase in salivary cortisol reactivity following the TSST compared to female. Furthermore, while males with high responders showed more risk-taking behavior and lower monetary reward in the BART compared to low responders, females with high responders did report higher monetary reward compared to low responders. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that cortisol reactivity to acute stress as induced by the TSST was related to decision-making behavior of males and females differently. Especially, in males, higher cortisol reactivity was associated with risk-taking performance in BART. In females, elevated reactivity of cortisol after the TSST was associated with higher BART scores.