中文摘要：

利用“团簇加连接原子”结构模型研究了马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢的成分特征，结果表明，此类钢的基础三元Fe-Ni-Cr高温奥氏体下限成分对应团簇成分式[NiFelu]Cr3，其中NiFe12为fcc结构，Ni为中心原子，其与12个Fe原子配位构成立方八面体团簇，Cr为连接原子．以[NiFe12]Cr3为基础成分式，根据团簇式自洽放大和相似组元替代原则，添加C，Mo，Nb和Cu形成多元新合金，采用铜模吸铸快冷技术制备合金，并在1323K保温2h进行固溶处理后水淬，然后再在753K保温4h进行时效处理．结果表明，固溶和时效后的系列合金的组织和性能随合金化组元的种类及含量发生变化，其中{[（Ni13Cu3）Fe192]（Cr45Mo2．5Nbo5）}C1合金在时效处理后具有较高的硬度和拉伸强度，其硬度为397HV，屈服强度为971MPa，抗拉强度为1093MPa，该成分合金在3．5％NaCl（质量分数）中性溶液中具有优良的耐蚀性能．

英文摘要：

The present work investigates composition characteristics of martensitic precipita- tion hardening stainless steels using a cluster-plus-glue-atom model. In this kind of steels based on the basic ternary Fe-Ni-Cr, the lowest solubility limit of high-temperature austenite corresponds to the cluster formula [NiFe12]Cr3, where NiFe12 is a cuboctahedron centered by Ni and surrounded by 12 Fe atoms in fcc structure and Cr serves as glue atoms. New multi-component alloys were designed by adding C, Mo, Nb and Cu into the basic [NiFe12]Cr3 with self-magnification of cluster formula and similar element substitution. These alloys were prepared by copper mould suction casting method, then solid-solution treated at 1323 K for 2 h followed by water-quenching, and finally aged 753 K for 4 h. The experimental results show that the microstrnctures and properties of the serial solid-solution treated and aged alloys vary with alloying elements and their contents. Among them,the {[（Ni13Cu3）Fe192]（Cr45 MO2.5 Nbo.5）}C1 alloy has higher microhardness and tensile strengths, tile hardness is 397 HV, yield strength is 971 MPa and ultra strength is 1093 MPa after aging treatment. {[（Ni13Cu3）Fe192]（Cr45Mo2.5Nb0.5）}C1 exhibits good corrosion-resistance in 3.5%NaCl solution.