中文摘要：

基于光学全息原理，分析了激光全息技术校正光学成像系统像差的机理和方法，建立了全息记录实验系统，用于校正口径500mm、低质量球面反射镜光学系统对有限远物体成像时的像差。采用原光路再现的方法，通过比较像差校正前后的干涉图样和成像结果，验证了该校正方法的可行性。实验结果表明，校正后该系统剩余波像差约为λ／8。

英文摘要：

Based on the principle of holography, the working mechanism and holographic correction method of an aberrated optical imaging system was described and analyzed in detail. An experimental system was established for the aberration correction in an optical system with a low quality and 500 mm diameter spherical mirror for finite object imaging. By comparing the interferograms and images obtained before and after correction, the feasibility of the correction method was verified. The experi- mental results show diffraction-limited performance of the system and residual aberration is about λ/8.