中文摘要：

纵观城镇化的发展过程及经验,城镇化与经济发展之间关系密切。城镇化是推动中国未来经济增长的新动力,对于推进社会全要素生产率也有着积极的作用。由于政府公共支出对社会经济的重要影响不容忽视,在通过城镇化推进社会全要素生产率的进程中,政府公共支出政策究竟扮演着“援助之手”还是“攫取之手”的角色,将直接影响到对城镇化对经济增长的实际效应。本文基于2005-2012年的省级面板数据,利用DEA-Malmauist非参数分析方法,以地区年均劳动投入和资本存量作为投入指标,年社会总产值作为产出指标,人均GDP、产业结构、以及人口结构作为控制变量,实证研究了城镇化对全要素生产率的增长效应以及公共支出政策在此过程中的作用机制。研究发现：第一单独考虑城镇化时,城镇化对全要素生产率增长的影响并不显著,即单纯强调人口转移的城镇化率对提高全要素生产率的影响效应并不显著,而公共支出规模对社会全要素生产率存在显著的负向效应,公共支出结构对全要素生产率影响不显著;第二,单纯扩大政府干预规模并不利于提高全要素生产率,而仅从结构配置上看,提高投资性领域公共支出对于提高全要素生产率影响更加显著;第三,公共支出结构的变化对发挥城镇化对全要素生产率的积极效应影响显著,在实施城镇化进程中配套以完善的公共服务体系,提高社会福利性支出,帮助转移人口更好地进行自身教育资本和健康资本的积累,是全要素生产率增长的基础根源。因此,城镇化并不单纯只是人口从农业部分向非农业部门的转移,新一轮城镇化应该强调“以人为本”,尤其是在新型城镇化进程中通过配套系统的、针对转移人口的公共福利体系,增强城乡地区间的公共福利均等化水平,减少政府对市场机制的非正常干预,才能够有效促进社会全要素?

英文摘要：

Throughout the development process of the urbanization, there is a close relation between urbanization and economy. Urbanization is a new force to promote China＇ s economic growth. Because of government public expenditure＇ s important influence to the social economy, in the process of promoting social TFP through urbanization, the role that public expenditure policy actually plays will directly affect the actual effect of urbanization on economic growth. Based on provincial panel data from 2005 to 2012, the article uses DEA-Malmquist to analyze the influence of urbanization on the growth of TFP and mechanism of public spending policies in the process, while taking regional annual average labor input and capital as input indicators and social output value as output indicators, per capita GDP, industrial structure, and population structure as control variable. The study found that： Firstly, when urbanization considered separately, the impact of urbanization on TFP growth is not significant. It means that the laying emphasis on the population transfer of urbanization rate to improve the total factor productivity is not significant, while there are significant negative effects between the public expenditure scale and social total factor productivity and no significant effect on total factor productivity of public expenditure structure. Secondly, it is not conducive to improve the total factor productivity just by expanding the scale of government intervention. Considered from structural configuration, increasing public spending in the investment field for the improvement of total factor productivity effect more significantly. Thirdly, the changes of public expenditure structure to exert the positive effects of urbanization to the total factor productivity effect are significant. In the process the of the urbanization, the basis of the total factor productivity growth is perfecting the public service system, improving the expenditure of social welfare , helping floating population accumulate their own education