中文摘要：

铁矿物是环境水体、土壤、沉积物和岩石的主要组分,其变化对环境的地球化学性质影响极大,如对土壤肥力、有机质降解、重金属元素的吸附与释放等。研究以石英粉（SiO2）为基底,在其上组装磺酸根（-SO3H）为外侧功能团的自组装单层,并以此自组装单层为模板,于Fe（NO3）3-HNO3低温液相反应体系中诱导生长铁的氢氧化物纳米薄膜。最佳的薄膜沉积条件为Fe（NO3）3浓度2.0 mM、pH为2.00、70℃水浴;薄膜的生长动力学曲线表明6 h的反应时间即完成薄膜沉积,而体系pH值对薄膜沉积有较大影响;用TEM和SEM表征该薄膜,在实验条件下生成的铁氧氢氧化物薄膜结晶良好,电子衍射分析表明结晶物相为针铁矿。

英文摘要：

Iron mineral is commonly found in water, soil, sediment and rock in nature. The change of iron mineral has great impact on the geochemical properties, such as fertility of soil, degradation of organic matter, adsorption and releasing of heavy metals, of the surrounding environment. This study employed SO3 H/SiO2 self-assembled monolayers （SAMs） as a template for synthesizing FeOOH nano-films in the aqueous system of Fe（NO3）3-HNO3 at low temperature. The optimum reaction condition for film depositing is 2.0 mM Fe（NO3）3 solution with a pH value of 2.00 in a water bath of 70 ℃. The kinetic study implied that, at the optimum condition, the depositing process can be finished in 6 hrs, and the pH value has great effect on the thickness of film. The obtained films were characterized by TEM and SEM. The results showed that the nanocrystal of FeOOH in the nano-films were uniform and dense. The electronic diffraction analysis indicated that the crystal structure of the nano-scale FeOOH film is goethite （α-FeOOH）.