中文摘要：

基于雷达探测数据和地面天气现象,应用MM5模式对冰雹大风和龙卷两类强对流天气过程进行数值模拟,分析模式模拟回波和雷达实际回波,研究模拟的微物理和动力特征,探讨两类强对流天气微物理和动力特征差异之间的可能原因。结果表明：（1）在雷达回波的模拟方面,两类强对流天气过程的模拟效果较好,模拟的雷达回波具有一定的可靠性。（2）冰雹大风过程的微物理模拟说明,雪晶位于0℃层以上;与雨水情况相对应的回波带等值线较为密集;云水含量主要分布在0℃层以下,呈分散分布形态;雨水含量在0℃层上下皆有分布。由龙卷过程的微物理模拟可知,云水含量主要分布在0℃层以下,基本连片分布;雨水含量在0℃层以下有所分布,但主要分布在0℃层以上,且数值大,等值线密集;云冰含量也是呈现零星分布。（3）从动力特征的模拟来看,强对流天气过程对应于强的上升运动,但是较强的上升运动区域并不分布在回波带的固定位置。

英文摘要：

Based on radar data and ground weather phenomena,two kinds of severe convective weather,hail and gale and tornado,are simulated using the model MM5.The simulated radar and actual radar echo are analyzed.Simulated microphysical and dynamic characteristics are researched.Possible reasons for the difference in microphysical and dynamic characteristics between the two kinds of weather are discussed.The results are as follows.（1） With regard to radar echo,simulations of both weather types are reliable to some extent.（2） That snow crystal is located above the 0 ℃ level is shown by the microphysical simulation of hail processes.The isolines of echo bands,corresponding to those of rainwater content,are densely distributed.The cloud-water content mainly scatters below the 0 ℃ level.The rainwater content is found both below and above the 0 ℃ level.That cloud-water content distributes continuously below the 0 ℃ level is shown by the microphysical simulation of tornado processes.The rainwater content distributes below the 0 ℃ level.Much less rainwater content distributes below the 0 ℃ level than above it.The value is also large and the isoline is densely distributed.The cloud-ice content also shows scattering distribution.（3） The severe convective weather process corresponds to the strong lifting movement,as shown in the simulation of dynamic characteristics,but the region of strong lifting movement does not locate in specific positions of the echo band.