中文摘要：

土壤中均含有大量的难溶性磷，而有效磷含量一般较低，土壤磷素供给不足常常是制约作物生长发育的重要因素之一。因此，活化土壤难溶性磷，增强土壤供磷能力，一直是人们普遍关注的重要问题。土壤中存在大量的溶磷微生物，这些微生物能够将难溶磷转化为植物能够吸收利用的有效磷。可见，了解这些微生物的溶磷机理，对于利用其溶磷功能、提高土壤磷素利用效率十分重要。本文对近年来微生物溶磷分子机理进行了综述。

英文摘要：

Phosphorus is one of the important nutrients in growth and development of plants. In global agriculture, deficiency of soil available phosphorus is a major factor restricting plant production. However, soil has a large pool of fixed phosphate, which is not readily available to plants, but potentially accessible to crops. Different approaches have been tried to increase their availability. Among them bio-solubilization of phosphate plays an important role in solubilizing soil fixed phosphates. In the process, the functional genes of phosphate solublising microorganisms could be crucial in manipulation of the release of soil phosphate. Therefore, understanding molecular mechanisms of this process is essential in exploiting phosphate solublising microorganisms in efficiently tapping the soil phosphate resources for agricultural production.