中文摘要：

导电聚合物微／纳米结构保留了轻质、类金属电导率和可逆化学和电化学特性，又具有纳米材料的高比表面积、尺寸和量子效应，它在电子器件、储能器件、传感器件等领域具有广泛的技术应用前景。其中，由于聚苯胺的制备方法简单、原料易得和独特的质子酸掺杂和脱掺杂机制，使聚苯胺微／纳米结构的可控制备及其应用研究已成为当前导电聚合物研究的热点之一。本文结合我们课题组近年来在导电聚苯胺微／纳米结构可控制备、协同效应实现多尺度和多功能化、电学性能的纳米效应及其机理等方面的研究成果，介绍和评价聚苯胺微／纳米结构的制备方法及其在能量存储、传感和生物等领域的最新研究进展。

英文摘要：

Micro/nanostructures of conducting polymers not only have the metallic conductivity, and reversible chemical and electrochemical properties and physical properties upon a novel doping/de- doping process, while processing qualities of conventional polymers, but they also have characteristics of nano-materials in general that lead to a large variety of applications especially in light-emitting and electronic devices, chemical sensors, separation membranes, and antistatic coatings. Micro/nano- structured polyaniline （PANI） has attracted a great deal of interest in recent years because of its low cost, ease of preparation, unique chemical and physical properties controlled by the oxidation and protonation state, and excellent environmental stability. Therefore, the controlled synthesis, multifunctional properties created by a cooperation effect and applications of PANI micro/ nanostructures has become one of the hot topics in the area of nano-materials. In the review, the latest advances of synthesis, properties, and applications of the PANI micro/nanostucutures and related materials are presented based of our research achievements of polyaniline micro/nanostructures selfassembled by a template-free method.