中文摘要：

类推理主要用来评估儿童对类别层级包含关系的理解。本研究使用类包含,替代包含和二元律任务,以162名二至五年级儿童为被试,旨在探讨儿童类推理发展的连续性与非连续性。通过整合儿童在所有任务上的成绩,评估了儿童的整体发展水平。结果表明儿童从类包含到替代包含,二元律推理的发展是波状的,连续性的。不过类包含、替代包含和二元律推理任务上儿童正确回答的项目数量频率分布均呈现出双峰态分布趋势,表明这些任务上儿童推理能力的发展是非连续的。

英文摘要：

Class reasoning is extensively used to assess children＇s understanding of inclusion relations in the hierarchical levels of categories. With 162 Chinese 2—5th graders and class reasoning tasks including class inclusion,vicariant inclusion and the law of duality,the present study explored whether the development of class reasoning was continuious or discontinuous. According to the developmental sequences in class reasoning,we assessed children＇s overall develpmental levels by intergrating their performance in all tasks. It was showed that the development from class inclusion to vicariant inclusion,the law of duality was wave-like and continuous. However,the frequency distribution of the number of correct items in class inclusion,vicariant inclusion and the law of duality tasks were bimodal,which suggests the discontinuous development of class inclusion,vicariant inclusion and the law of duality reasoning.