中文摘要：

锂-液流电池将锂离子电池与液流电池进行了巧妙的组合,成为近年来电池体系创新的一个亮点.锂-液流电池正极采用可溶性氧化还原电对作为活性物质,负极采用电位最低、比容量大的金属锂,实现了不同电极反应和电解液体系的交叉应用,获得了比传统液流电池更高的工作电压,且不受锂离子电池电极材料比容量的限制.本文对锂-液流电池的组成结构、工作原理和性能特点进行了介绍,总结了其关键技术要素,对近年来锂-液流电池的研究进展进行了综述,并指出了其面临的挑战和未来发展的方向.

英文摘要：

With the highest gravimetric and volumetric energy density in current energy storage devices, Li-ion batteries are widely used in portable electronics. However, with the fast development of electric vehicle and clean energy sources, Li-ion batteries are growing criticized for their unsatisfied energy density, low power density and high safety risk, which drives us to search for new energy storage devices with higher energy. The recently emerged Li-redox flow batteries, which compose of a flowing solution-based cathode with dissolved active redox couples, a Li metal anode worked in ordinary organic electrolyte, and a solid-state separator made up of lithium superionic conductor film, have become a novel and attractive energy storage system. By making the cathode electrolyte flowing though the cell, the capacity limitation of insertion-type cathode in Li-ion batteries is no longer an issue. And unlike the solid electrode material based on slow insertion/deinsertion solid reaction in Li-ion batteries, the solution-based cathode species in Li-redox flow batteries undergo much faster redox reaction and with no structure expansion/retraction during the charge/discharge process, thus it can promise superior cycling stability. In anode, the adoption of Li metal which possesses the lowest potential and ultra-high capacity endows the Li-redox flow batteries a much higher output voltage than conventional redox flow batteries. The unique design of Li-redox flow batteries can take full advantage of the two electrodes in different electrolyte systems, thus well combine the merits of Li-ion batteries and redox flow batteries. In this review, we introduce the cell structure, mechanism and performance characteristics of Li-redox flow batteries. The recent art-of-state research progress of Li-redox flow batteries is reviewed and perspectives on the future development and challenges of Li-redox flow batteries are also presented. With the continuously efforts of the researchers, various redox couples have been explored as the cathod