中文摘要：

目的观察培养大鼠海马神经元NMDA受体在突触内和突触外发育中的变化。方法采用膜片钳的全细胞模式和外面向外模式分别记录突触内和突触外NMDA受体通道电流。结果培养2周海马神经元突触内NMDA受体通道介导的微小兴奋性突触后电流（mEPSCNMDA）幅度比培养1周神经元小,对NMDA受体亚单位NR2B的特异拮抗剂ifenprodil的敏感性远低于培养1周神经元;培养2周神经元突触外NMDA受体的单通道电流幅度和开放概率比培养1周神经元增大,但两者的电导和翻转电位无显著差异。ifenprodil降低培养1周和2周神经元突触外NNDA受体单通道电流的电导和开放概率,且对培养2周神经元开放概率的抑制作用更显著。结论NMDA受体通道电流在培养海马神经元突触内和突触外有发育变化,提示NMDA受体NR2亚单位在培养1周的神经元突触内和突触外均主要为NR2B亚单位;而神经元培养到2周时,突触内NR2B亚单位逐渐被NR2A亚单位取代,突触外仍主要为NR2B亚单位。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate changes in synaptic and extrasynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors （NMDAR） during the development of cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Methods Synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDAR channel currents were recorded from 1-day-old rat hippocampal neurons cultured for 1 and 2 weeks with patch-clamp technique in wbole-cell configuration and outside-out configuration, respectively, Results The amplitude of NMDAR-mediated miniature excited postsynaptic current （mEPSCNMDA decreased in neurons cultured for 2 weeks as compared with that recorded in neurons cultured for 1 week, and the 2-week neurons showed also much lowered sensitivity to selective NR2B blocker ifenprodil, The amplitude and open probability of extrasynaptic NMDAR in the 2-week neurons were significantly higher than those in the 1-week neurons, but the neurons differred little in conduction and reverse potential. Ifenprodil decreased the high conductance and open probability in both neurons, but the effect was more potent in the 2-week ones, Conclusions There can be developmental changes in synaptic and extrasynaptic MDAR channel currents in cultured rat hippocampal neurons, indicating that different NMDAR subtypes are expressed in the synaptic and extrasynaptic regions during the development of the hippocampal neurons. In 1-week neurons, NR2B are predominant both in synaptic and extrasynaptic regions, and at 2 weeks, synapfic NR2B are replaced by NR2A but NR2B still remains the predominant subtypes outside the synapses.