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中文摘要：
控制纳米构筑单元的组装是发展纳米材料和器件的关键问题之一，近年来发展了一系列针对纳米粒子的不对称修饰方法，为可控组装纳米粒子提供了一种新颖而有效的策略。这些方法可以将本身各向同性的纳米粒子修饰成各向异性，使得常见的功能性纳米粒子成为所需的构筑单元。本文旨在结合最近一些创新性的研究成果，介绍并总结纳米粒子不对称修饰的方法以及基于此的可控组装，讨论了当前研究中的主要发展方向和仍需要解决的问题，并对其应用前景做了展望。
英文摘要：
Controlling the assembly of nanobuilding blocks is one of the key issues to develop nanomaterials and nanodevices. A series of methods which aimed at the asymmetric modification of nanoparticles are developed recently, providing a novel and efficient strategy towards controlled assembly of nanoparticles. These methods can modify isotmpic nanoparticles to be anisotropic, thus the desired nanobuilding blocks can be prepardd from ordinary functional nanoparticles. This review aims at combining the recent scientific literatures to introduce and summarize the approaches of asymmetric modification of nanoparticles, as well as the controlled assembly based on them. Furthermore, the problems those still should be resolved are pointed out, and the direction of this research field is discussed. The prospect of the application is also expected.
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