中文摘要：

发展公共自行车日益成为许多城市低碳交通规划的重要组成部分，公共自行车租赁点布局以及配车量分配是充分发挥公共自行车作用的关键．为缓解公共自行车系统实际运营中的车辆供需矛盾，综合考虑公共自行车系统的运营成本和用车者等待时间成本，平衡一天内高峰期和非高峰期的需求变化，在预测公共自行车需求的基础上，应用排队论方法，构建了公共自行车租赁点配车量优化模型；并应用于北京市的部分公共自行车租赁点，验证了模型的合理性和可行性．

英文摘要：

Public bicycle system （PBS） is playing an increasing role in low-carbon urban transportation. With less carbon emission and more convenience in short trips, PBS is becoming popular in cities all over the world. How to optimally allocate bicycles to a renting station is of particular importance for PBS to function properly. To address this issue, PBS was first described as a queuing model. Then, an optimization model for determining the number of bicycles in a renting station was established to minimize total cost for operators and bicycle users. Since the numbers of bicycles in some stations are not enough for use in peak hours, but are idle during off-peak hours, relative constraints were set in the model for a trade-off. Belling was analyzed to verify effectiveness and feasibility of the model, promising results support good potential of applying the model in practice.