中文摘要：

通过发展非微扰量子电动力学散射理论,讨论了Batelaan等人在实验中观测到的Kapitza-Dirac（K-D）效应。我们的理论显示出对严格平行不聚焦的驻波激光束,K-D效应只在电子的入射角或出射角符合Bragg规律时才发生。我们的理论也显示对于聚焦驻波光束,当电子垂直入射时其衍射花样的包络迹呈现出月牙形,这正如Bucsbaum等人观测到的角劈裂现象。

英文摘要：

By developing a nonperturbative quantum-field scattering theory, we treat the Kapitza-Dirac（K-D） diffraction effect observed by Batelaan et al. our theory shows that in the case of strictly antiparallel （non-focusing） standing-wave laser light, K-D effect occurs only when the incident angle and outgoing angle of the electron beam subject to the Bragg’s law. Our theory also shows that with a focusing standing-wave laser light, a perpendicularly injected electron beam can produce the diffraction pattern. With increasing laser intensity,the envelope of the diffraction pattern shows a crescent line shape which indicates the middle case passing to the angular splitting observed by Bucsbaum et al. from patterns observed by Batatelaan et al.