中文摘要：

以1-溴代十二烷,二乙醇胺和1,3-二溴异丙醇为原料,经两步季铵化反应合成了一种新型的头基区含有五个羟基的季铵盐型阳离子Gemini表面活性剂——2-羟基-1,3-双[二（2-羟乙基）十二烷基溴化铵]丙烷（2）,其结构经1H NMR和元素分析表征.初步测定结果表明,2的Krafft点为26.2℃,C20=0.17 mmol·L-1,CMC =0.56 mmol·L-1,γCMC=36 mN·m-1.对于12 （2OH）-3 （OH）-12 （2OH）来说,多羟基的存在可明显提高表面活性剂的聚集能力,并使其Krafft点略微升高.

英文摘要：

A novel quaternary ammonium cationic Gemini surfactant containing five hydroxyl groups, 2-hydroxyl-propanediyl-1,3-his [ di （2-hydroxylethyl） dodecylammonium bromide ] （ 2 ）, was synthe- sized by a two-step quatemization reaction from 1-bromododecane, diethanolamine and 1,3-dibromo isopropyl alcohol. The structure was characterized by 1H NMR and elemental analysis. Preliminary determination indicated that C20, CMC and γcCMC of 2 were 0.17 mmol · L-1, 0.56 mmol· L-1 and 36 mN · m-l, respectively. The aggregation ability of 2 was obviously enhanced by the presence of multiple hydroxyl groups and Krafft point was also slightly elevated to a value of 26.2℃C.