中文摘要：

桥梁是城市交通系统中抗震性能最差的节点,一旦遭受地震破坏会影响城市生存功能,可能导致城市局部或整体功能瘫痪,引发或加重次生灾害,降低了地震应急救援和震后恢复的速度和效果,是都市区震害情景构建中重点考虑的关键环节。根据唐山、海城、汶川地震等桥梁震害资料,对桥梁按场地土类型、建筑年代等分类,建立桥梁易损性曲线模型,并提出了适用于城市大量桥梁地震灾害状态快速评价方法,利用该方法评价了潜在近场强地震动作用下太原市区环城高速以内主干道路桥梁的震害。与以往的桥梁易损性模型对比结果表明,所提出的桥梁易损性模型可以更加准确地评价桥梁的震害。该方法可为城市桥梁的震前改造加固、震后快速恢复提供理论依据,也可为震后应急救援决策提供必要的支持。

英文摘要：

Bridges are the most vulnerable junctions of the transportation system in metropolitan areas,the failure of which could lead to significant damages of relative traffic network as to functional incapacitations of cities. The probable secondary disaster caused by the bridge failure also may reduce the emergency rescue efficiency,so the anti-seismic performance of the transportation system is essential for the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the entire metropolitan areas under earthquake attacks. Based on Tangshan,Haicheng,Wenchuan earthquake damage data of bridges,the fragility curve model of the bridges is established according to soil type of the site and construction time of the bridges. The comprehensive analysis method of seismic hazard rapid assessment of a large number of urban bridges is proposed which is used to evaluate the damage of the bridges of main road within the beltway of Taiyuan City under near-fault ground motion. Compared with the previous bridge vulnerability model,the proposed bridge vulnerability model can be used to evaluate the seismic damage of bridges more accurately. It provides theoretical basis for the reconstruction and reinforcement of urban bridges,rapid recovery after the earthquake,and also provides necessary support for the decision of emergency rescue after the earthquake.