中文摘要：

目的探讨Ⅰ期老年高血压患者认知功能的改变。方法用蒙特利尔认知量表（Mo CA）评估老年高血压患者的认知功能。运用注意网络测试（ANT）评估Ⅰ期高血压患者3个注意网络（警觉、定向、执行控制）的效率。结果高血压组与正常血压组相比,Mo CA视空间执行能力、注意力、延迟回忆和总得分均明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。高血压组在警觉和执行网络效率方面明显受损（P〈0.05）,而在定向网络、平均反应时间和正确率方面与正常血压组相比差异无统计学意义。结论未治疗的Ⅰ期老年高血压患者Mo CA视空间执行能力、注意力、延迟回忆和总得分均明显降低,提示高血压患者存在认知功能损害。高血压患者注意网络出现明显损害,特别是在警觉和执行控制网络方面。

英文摘要：

Objective The experiment is designed to investigate whether elderly patients of stage 1 essential hyper-tension had cognitive dysfunction. Methods Montreal Cognitive Assessment（MoCA） scale was used to investigate the cognitive function of the patients. The attention network test （ANT） was used to investigate whether elderly hy- pertensives and normotensives had different performances on three attention networks （alerting, orienting, and ex- ecutive control）. Results Compared with the normotensive group, the visuospatial and executive function, atten- tion, delayed recall and total scores of MoCA were significantly lower in hypertension group, the difference was sta- tistically significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. The normotensive group demonstrated greater attention efficiencies than the hyper- tensive participants in the alerting and executive control attention networks （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. There were no differences in the orienting attention network, mean reaction time, or accuracy. Conclusion Elderly patients of stage I essential hypertension without treatment are significantly lower on the visuospatial and executive function, attention, delayed recall and total scores of MoCA,indicating that hypertensive patients were cognitive dysfunction. Elderly hyperten- sives have a significantly worse performance on the attention networks especially alerting and executive control.