中文摘要：

本研究以水稻、高粱和玉米为研究对象,基于比较基因组学方法,来研究玉米的核型进化。研究结果表明：在这三个禾本科植物中,水稻进化时间最为古老,水稻的基本染色体数是12;水稻的12条染色体经过2次染色体融合事件最终形成了高粱的10条基本染色体;玉米与水稻、高粱不同,又单独进行了一次全基因组加倍事件,加倍后染色体数目从高粱的10条变为20条,随后又经历了染色体融合事件,最终形成了目前的玉米的10条基本染色体。

英文摘要：

In this research, rice, sorghum and maize were taken as the materials to study the karyotype evolution of maize based on the comparative genomics. The result showed that rice is the oldest, which the basic chromosome number n=12. After chromosome fusion event of two times, the number of chromosome changed from 12 to 10, eventually formed the 10 basic chromosomes of sorghum. While maize is different from rice and sorghum, which went through a whole genome duplication event separately,chromosome number doubled to 20,and subsequently chromosome fusion events, eventually formed the 10 basic chromosomes of maize.