中文摘要：

新疆作为中国主要的棉花种植区,其棉花产业在当地农业经济中占有重要地位。棉花目标价格政策的实施对新疆棉花生产产生了较大影响,基于对新疆两个棉花主产区的调查,阐述了当前新疆棉花生产成本收益情况,并分析了棉花种植规模与其棉花种植成本和收益之间的关系,从加强棉花种植过程中的成本控制、合理安排棉花生产布局等方面提出了提高新疆棉花生产效益的相关建议。

英文摘要：

As one of the major cotton growing areas in China, Xinjiang cotton industry plays an important role in the local agricultural economy. The implementation of the cotton target price policy has great impact on cotton production in Xinjiang. Based on the investigation on two major cotton producing areas, the authors expounded the cost and benefit of Xinjiang＇s cotton production, and analyzed the relationship between cotton planting scale and costs and benefits of planting cotton. Then, from strengthening cost control in the process of cotton planting, reasonably arranging the layout of cotton production and others, some suggestions were put forward to improve the efficiency of cotton production in Xinjiang.