目的研究寒潮对广州市居民死亡率的影响。方法将2004年1月19日-2月1日共14d作为寒潮时期,分别在其前后3周选择7d作为对照时期(即2003年12月29日-2004年1月4日和2004年2月16—22日)。通过计算寒潮时期超额死亡人数及寒潮时期与对照时期的率比来评估寒潮对人群死亡率的影响。结果与对照时期相比,寒潮所致的超额死亡人数为103人,导致人群总死亡率增加8%(RR=1.08,95%CI:1.01~1.17)。寒潮对呼吸系统疾病死亡率的影响有统计学意义(RR=I.27,95%CI:1.07~1.51),而对心血管疾病死亡率的影响无统计学意义(RR=I.10,95%CI:0.97—1.24)。结论寒潮对居民死亡率有影响,尤其是对呼吸系统疾病。
Objective To assess the impact of cold wave on mortality in Guangzhou. Methods Excess deaths and rate ratio (RR) of mortality in cold wave period were calculated and compared with a winter reference period in 2004. Results During the study period, one cold wave in 2004 was identified and the total number of excess deaths was 103. The 2004 cold wave caused increase in all-cause mortality of 8% (RR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.01-1.17). The impact was statistically significant for respiratory disease mortality (RR=1.27,95%CI: 1.07-1.51), but not for cardiovascular mortality (RR=1.10,95%CI: 0.97-1.24). Conclusion The 2004 cold wave has a substantial effect on mortality in Guangzhou, particularly for respiratory disease.