中文摘要：

以锻件晶粒尺寸细小均匀为目标，以预成形形状设计为对象，提出了锻造成形过程微观组织优化设计方法，构建了锻造成形过程微观组织优化目标函数，并确定锻造成形预成形形状作为优化过程的设计变量，给出了优化设计的具体步骤，采用微观遗传算法和有限元模拟方法开发了锻造过程微观组织优化程序，并对典型的圆柱体镦粗进行了面向微观组织优化的预成形设计，取得了较好的效果。

英文摘要：

An optimization design method of the microstructure in forging process is proposed. The optimal objective is to obtain the fine and symmetrical grain size. The optimal object is the preform shape. The grain size objective function are put forward. The preform shape is used as the optimal design variables. Using the genetic arithmetic and FEM simulation, the software for optimal design method of the microstructure in forging process based on preform design is developed. The preform design of the cylinder upsetting process realizes the optimization of the final microstrucmre.