中文摘要：

目的 研究结肠黑变病对结肠息肉发生率、病理类型等的影响。方法 回顾性分析自2012年8月至2015年12月在我院经全结肠镜诊断的结肠黑变病98例，组成黑变病组；随机选取结肠镜诊断无结肠黑变病252例，组成非黑变病组。比较两组一般情况、结肠息肉发病率、息肉病理类型等。结果 结肠黑变病II度、III度累及全结肠的比例分别为71.0%、78.6%，高于黑变病I度的50.9%（P=0.01）。结肠黑变病组结肠息肉发现率达40.8%，远高于非结肠黑变病的23.0%（P=0.001），而且黑变病组在横结肠、降结肠、盲肠及全结肠≥3个部位发现结肠息肉的比例均高于非黑变病组，P均＜0.05，但两组息肉中腺瘤的比例分别为80%、67.9%（P=0.117），差异无统计学意义。黑变病I、II、III度在息肉检出率、息肉病理类型的比较上，均P＞0.05，差异无统计学意义。左半结肠为主型、右半结肠为主型、全结肠型黑变病在息肉检出率、息肉病理类型的比较上，也均P＞0.05，差异无统计学意义。结论 结肠黑变病患者结肠息肉发生率高，需加强对结肠黑变病患者肠镜筛查，预防结直肠癌发生。结肠黑变病的病变程度、部位对结肠息肉的检出率、病理类型无影响。

英文摘要：

Objective The association between melanosis coli and pre-cancerous colorectalneoplasm is not proven yet. This study aim at investigate the clinical significance of melanosis coli (MC)on incidence and pathology of colorectal neoplasm. Methods This is a retrospectively review of patientsdiagnosed with melanosis coli by colonoscopy at the University of Hong Kong–Shenzhen Hospital. Patientdemographics, incidence and pathology of colorectal neoplasm were compared with controlled group bycase controlled matching algorithm. Results From August 2012 to December 2015, a total of 98 patientsdiagnosed with melanosis coli by endoscopic examinations were included in our study. 252 cases diagnosedwithout melanosis coli at the same period of time were selected as control group by case controlled matching.Moderate or severe melanosis coli are more frequently involved whole colon than mild lesion (P=0.01).40.8 % patients of MC group suffering from colorectal neoplasm, while it was 23.0% in control group(P=0.001). And more polyps were found over transverse colon, descending colon, and cecum in MC groupthan in the control group (P < 0.05). Of all polyps, percentage of adenomas were 80% and 67.9% in MCgroup and control group respectively (P=0.117). No significant difference was demonstrated in the incidenceand pathology of colorectal polyps between different disease degrees of melanosis coli, as well as between different disease distribution of melanosis coli (P > 0.05). Conclusions Patients with melanosis colihaving a higher incidence of colonic polyps, therefore more frequent surveillance colonoscopy can potentiallydecrease the incidence of colorectal cancer in this group of patients. Whereas disease severity and distributionof melanosis coli have no significant impact on incidence and pathology of colonic polyps.