中文摘要：

【目的】应用RNA干扰（RNAi）技术在分子水平调控杏自交不亲和性状，为培育自交亲和杏品种奠定基础。【方法】基于南疆自交不亲和杏品种‘小白杏’（Prunus armeniaca‘Xiaobaixing’）花粉决定子SFB（S—haplotype—specificF—boxprotein）基因3’端cDNA全长序列，选取SFB基因变异区上游距起始密码子61bp处、大小为29bp的片段作为干扰序列，棉花基因组DNA242bp的序列作为间隔片段，利用融合PCR（FusionPCR）构建SFB基因发卡结构（intron—con．taining hairpin RNA，ihpRNA），再酶切连接到植物表达载体pCAMBIA-35S-MCS—NOS—APTII上，构建SFB基因RNAi表达载体；用冻融转化法将重组质粒转化至农杆菌菌株（Agrobacterium tumefaciens）LBA4404中。【结果】测序结果表明臂长29bp、茎环242bp的SFB基因ihpRNA结构融合成功，双酶切检验和PCR验证结果表明，该结构正确地插入pCAMBIA-35S—MCS—NOS—J7、俨珊的启动子和终止子之间，说明SFB基因的RNAi表达载体pCAMBIA—RNAi—SFB构建成功；PCR验证和测序结果也表明重组质粒已经成功转入农杆菌LBA4404中。【结论】研究结果表明，应用融合PCR结合酶切连接的方法构建SFB基因的RNAi表达载体是可行的，为RNAi技术在果树自交不亲和性状改良上的应用创造了条件。

英文摘要：

[Objective] ＇Xiaobaixing＇ （Prunus armeniaca） apricot is a characteristic and famous cultivar in the southern area of Xinjiang province. Its fruit matures early in mid-June with an oval shape and trans- parent light yellow color, hairless and smooth surface. While the ＇Xiaobaixing＇ apricot displays the typi- cal S-RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility （GIS） controlled by S-allele, it also contains a pol- len determinant and a style determinant, which help to mutually determine the self-compatibility or self- incompatibility of the apricot. The self-incompatibility of the apricots increases the labor costs during the production process and also increased the complexities of the cultivation process. The self-compatible （SC） apricot cultivars are important in promoting the industrial development of these characteristic apri- cots in Xinjiang. The SFB （S haplotype-specific F-box protein） gene is a good candidate for pollen-S de- terminates in Prunus species. Some SC apricot cultivars have been introduced and identified, the loss of the pollen-S function in Prunus SC mutants may be associated with deletion, insertion, and substitution at the upstream area of the hypervariable regions in SFB genes when being compared with the SI （self-in- compatible） varieties. These result in a truncated protein without the expected benefit of the hypervariable regions, the abnormity of the hypervariable regions leads to an afunctional SFB and SC mutation. Manipu- lation of the hypervariable regions or its upstream area for the SFB gene, through using RNAi technolo- gy, will be a theoretically feasible method to regulate self-incompatibility in apricots at the molecular lev- el and allow for the breeding the SC apricot cultivars. [Methods]The RNAi plant expression vector of the SFB gene is constructed by applying the fusion PCR approach combined with the enzyme digestion con- nection method. Based on the results of the structural analysis for the 3＇ end full length cDNA of the SFB gene obtained