中文摘要：

利用车载尾气检测设备（PEMS）对装有颗粒过滤器（DPF）的柴油车进行了实时油耗排放数据收集，比较分析了车辆安装DPF前后不同工况以及不同速度和加速度区间下的油耗和排放特性。由实验结果发现，DPF对颗粒物（PM）和CO的减排效果十分显著，安装DPF后车辆I和Ⅱ的PM分别减少了98％和91％，CO分别减少了94％和60％，而NOx、HC和油耗则略有升高；此外，DPF的减排效果在车辆高速行驶区域达到最佳，并随加速度的增大而升高。

英文摘要：

The real-time fuel consumption and exhaust emissions of two diesel vehicles are measured by field tests using a portable emission measurement system （PEMS）. The characteristics of fuel consumption and ex- haust emissions of the vehicles before and after installation of diesel particulate filter （DPF） under different working conditions are comparatively analyzed. The results show that the effects of DPF on reducing the emissions of particulate matter （PM） and CO are apparent. Having been equipped with DPF, the PM emissions from two tested vehicles reduce by 98% and 91% and CO emissions by 94% and 60% respectively, while the emissions of NOx and HC and fuel consumption increase slightly. In addition, the maximum emission reduction occurs at high speed range, and the effects of DPF rise with the increase of acceleration.