中文摘要：

MicroRNA通过干预靶基因表达水平构建了复杂的调控网络，调控生命活动的进行。目前已发现microRNA广泛参与葡萄糖、脂类、氨基酸的代谢及生物氧化过程，在一些重要位点上发挥调控作用。在人体摄取和利用葡萄糖过程中，microRNA参与调控胰岛素分泌、胰岛素敏感性、细胞对葡萄糖摄取、细胞内糖酵解途径等，并可影响线粒体功能及有氧氧化。在脂类代谢中，microRNA作用于脂类合成、分解及转运相关的靶基因，调控体内脂类代谢。此外，microRNA还与谷氨酰胺异化代谢有关。

英文摘要：

MicroRNAs have been identified as a new class of regulatory molecules that affect many biological funtions by interferring the target gene expressions. Latest studies demostrate that microRNAs can influence many pivotal bio-processes and deeply involve in the metabolism of glucose, lipid and amino acid and biological oxidation. For glucose metabolism, microRNAs are related to insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, glycolysis, oxidation and mitochondrial function. For lipid matebolism, microRNAs can regulate the target genes related to lipid biosynthesis, catabolism and transportation. MicroRNAs can influence glutamine catabolism.