中文摘要：

近几年,下一代测序技术（next-generation sequencing,NGS）获得了令人瞩目的进步,该技术正革命性地改变整个生物医学研究的生态。病原微生物在临床中的耐药现状已经十分严峻,而NGS可以让人们深入理解病原微生物及其在人体的耐药突变机理,从而对医药研究产生了颠覆性的影响。现主要分析了NGS技术的主要技术原理和优缺点,并对其在疟疾、艾滋病、肝炎、结核病和流感的抗药性基因的检测中的应用研究进行了综述,同时分析了NGS技术在以上几种传染病耐药性的研究现状,最后对NGS技术在耐药性研究的应用前景进行了展望。

英文摘要：

In recent years, impressive progress has been made in the field of next-generation sequencing （NGS） technology, which brings a revolutionary advance in the whole biomedical research. Drug resistance is a very serious problem in the control of infectious diseases. NGS techniques can lead to deep understanding of the pathogenic microorganisms and their mutation mechanisms in humans, bringing a great impact on the biomedical research. Here, the mechanisms of different NGS techniques and their merits and drawbacks were summarized briefly. The applications and the current situation in the gene detection for drug resistance in infectious diseases, including malaria, AIDS, hepatitis, tuberculosis and influenza, were reviewed. Finally, comments were also made on the future development of NGS in studying drug resistance.