中文摘要：

科学进行农村居民点优化布局,对实施农村居民点整治,实现城乡一体化发展意义重大。该文以河南省新郑市为例,研究了农村居民点优化布局的方法和分区整治策略。基于中心地理论,设计了农村居民点理想布局模型,在农村居民点适宜性评价基础上,进一步提出了农村居民点适宜性迭代评价的方法,设计了程序算法,利用Python语言和Arc Py类库实现了软件工具开发。研究结果表明：根据农村居民生产和生活需求设计的理想村庄布局模型参数为：村庄之间的标准距离2.5 km,最大耕作半径为1.44 km,聚落腹地面积541.27 hm2。新郑市农村居民点适宜性评价综合分值呈现出东高西低的非均匀分布,而迭代评价结果呈现出相对均匀的分布,利用该结果进行村庄布局优化更加合理。进行村庄优化布局,设置了17个中心村,103个基层村,其余为拆迁村,并将拆迁村划分为政府主导型和规划引导型2类,针对不同类型的村庄提出了对应的整治策略。研究结论认为,农村居民点迭代评价方法得到的结果,更加科学合理,该结果通过规划引导,可实现农村居民点的合理演化,该文的方法可为相关研究提供参考和借鉴。

英文摘要：

The ＂hollow village＂ is becoming an increasingly serious problem with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, followed by great waste of precious land resource, high cost in rural public resources allocation, hard work,and so on, which finally results in lagging urban-rural integration. However, these problems can be relieved through the rural settlements renovation. And the rural settlements spatial optimization layout is the core issue to be resolved in the rural settlement renovation, which should be valued. The difficulty in the rural settlements layout optimization lies in the combinatorial optimization of multiple locations, rather than the selection of single one. This paper put forward an iteration evaluation method based on iterative calculation of rural settlements development potential and an algorithm of rural settlements layout optimization, which was applied to Xinzheng City, the study area in Henan Province. The purpose of this study is to find a solution to rural settlements layout which can meet the living and production needs of rural settlements. In the optimization of rural settlements layout, it is assumed that the core function of rural settlements eventually returns to the primary industry. Based on this situation, the following steps were in process： First of all, given the needs of living and production, the ideal farming hinterland scale of rural settlements was estimated and the accessibility constraints of the living and production were obtained to design an appropriate model for rural settlements layout. Secondly, we obtained the suitability evaluation results of rural settlements by employing multi-factor evaluation method. Thirdly, the stepwise selection method was used to get the iteration evaluation results of rural settlements through iterative calculation. Finally, the rural settlements optimal layout scheme and partitioning renovation strategies were formulated according to the iteration evaluation results.Some conclusions were drawn in this research