中文摘要：

采用化学氧化无模板法,以苯胺和对苯二胺为单体,盐酸为掺杂剂,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,经氨水脱掺杂合成出聚苯胺（PANI）、聚对苯二胺（PPDA）、苯胺-对苯二胺共聚物P（ANI-PDA）纳米材料。用红外光谱（FTIR）、紫外可见分光光谱（UV）、X-衍射光谱仪（XRD）、热重分析仪（TGA）和扫描电镜（SEM）对3种聚合物的结构、结晶度、热稳定性和微观形貌进行表征分析,并测试了3种聚合物在水中的分散性。结果表明,与PANI相比,PPDA和P（ANI-PDA）中醌式结构较少,PANI的热稳定性最好;PANI的形貌为无规则的多孔颗粒团聚结构,PPDA和P（ANI-PDA）的微观形貌中出现了大量的纳米片状和棒状结构,通过XRD分析和聚合物在水中分散性测试得出P（ANI-PDA）的结晶度最高,在水中的分散性最好,说明纳米片状结构有利于提高聚合物的结晶度和在水中的分散性。

英文摘要：

Polyaniline （PANI）,Poly （p-phenylenediamine）（PPDA）,P-phenylenediamine-aniline copolymer P （ANI-PDA）nanomaterials were synthesized in hydrochloric acid by chemical oxidation method using aniline,p-phenylenediamine as monomers,ammonium persulfate as oxidant and ammonia as de-dopant.The structure, crystallinity,thermal ability and morphology were characterized by FT-IR,XRD,UV,TGA and SEM.The dispensability was tested in aqueous water.The results showed that the quinoid structure in PPDA and P（ANI-PDA）was reduced compared with PANI.P-phenylenediamine-aniline copolymer exhibited the highest crystal-linity and dispensability in aqueous water.polyaniline exhibited the best thermal stability.PANI displayed irreg-ular porous particle agglomeration structure,whereas nanosheet structure was detected in the morphology of PPDA and P（ANI-PDA）and which can increase the crystallinity and dispensability of polymers.