中文摘要：

目的 探讨不同的微应变环境对组织工程化周围神经移植体性能的影响. 方法 自2013年3月-2014年5月,将用低渗联合冻干技术改良法制成的兔脱细胞神经支架与PKH26标记的兔原代SCs复合,给予0％、5％、10％和15％形变量的微应变刺激后,修复兔坐骨神经缺损模型（缺损长度1 cm）,另设自体神经移植组和正常对照组.8周时取出支架行苏木精-伊红（HE）及甲苯胺蓝染色,观察支架内细胞分布及髓鞘计数;S-100、GFAP及NF-200免疫荧光染色并测A值.病理切片后观察远端吻合口PKH26荧光示踪情况. 结果 改良法制成的支架内部髓鞘及SCs均被完全去除,细胞外基质成分保留完整.植入体内的支架8周时除15％形变量组结构崩解外,0％、5％、10％组支架内部基底层和神经纤维结构完整,呈波浪状分布.通过IPP软件计数髓鞘数目,发现10％形变量组高于0％、5％组,低于自体神经移植组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.10％形变量组S-100及GFAP免疫荧光染色A值（分别为2208.45±72.07和2666.93±102.49）明显高于0％、5％和自体神经移植组,低于空白对照组（2788.09±85.55和3609.65±107.41）;NF-200免疫荧光染色A值10％形变量组（1947.57±61.24）高于0％（912.52±44.96）和5％组（1644.55±58.53）,低于自体神经移植组（2329.35±86.81）和对照组（4545.66±103.12）,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.0％、5％及10％形变量组8周时远端吻合口均可见PKH26红色荧光,15％组呈阴性. 结论 适度的（10％形变量）牵张应力微应变环境可以有效促进SCs的增殖及组织工程化周围神经的功能恢复。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the functional recovery of acellular nerve scaffolds with SCs after stimulated by different micro strain environments.Methods The PKH26-marked-SCs were seeded into the advanced scaffolds by the technique of freeze-drying and hypotonic buffer with the method of microinjection.The cell-scaffolds composites were stimulated by the different deformations （0%,5%,10% and 15%）,and then were used to repair the rabbit sciatic nerve defect model（lcm-long）.The histological characterizations of scaffolds were showed by the HE staining.Toluidine blue staining was used to reveal and count the myelinated nerve fibers,and S-100,GFAP and NF-200 of the scaffolds were examined with immunofluorescence at 8 weeks postoperatively.Results HE staining showed that the basal lamina and fibers of different deformations groups （0%,5%,10%） and autologous nerve group was arranged in a wave-like structure.The A of S-100 and GFAP in 10% deformation group （2208.45±72.07 and 2666.93±102.49,respectively） was higher compared with 0% and 5% deformation and autograft group,but less than the control group（2788.09±85.55 and 3609.65±107.41,respectively）.The A of NF-200 in 10% deformation group was higher than 0% and 5% deformation group,but less than the autograft and control group.The red fluorescent of PKH26 was visible in the distal anastomosis of 0%,5% and 10% deformation groups,but was negative in 15% deformation group.Conclusion An appropriate micro tensile strain environment （10% deformation） may promote the proliferation of SCs and functional recovery of tissue-engineered peripheral nerve scaffold.