中文摘要：

水环境中单细胞藻类产生的藻毒素具有严峻的生态和食品安全风险性,已成为国际社会重点监控和研究的对象.如何有效监控藻毒素的污染水平,提升突发事件的应对能力,是包括欧盟在内的世界各国面临的重要难题.因此,简便、快速、灵敏的检测方法是实现毒素现场监控的必需.以免疫学、酶特异性反应或生物传感器为基础的新型检测方法在快速和现场方面表现出巨大的优势,电化学生物传感器技术则成为优选目标之一.针对这一技术,本文重点介绍了电化学生物传感器的组成、基本原理及其目前在藻毒素检测领域中的实际应用,展望了其良好的发展前景.

英文摘要：

In recent years, phycotoxins have become a worldwide problem, and caused numerous ecological perturbations and greater economic losses, as well as the damage to the public health and quality assurance of shellfish products. In order to monitor the phycotoxins effectively, many countries emphasize developing detection methods, especially that could be used to monitor the phycotoxin on spot. Of these methods, which are based on the immunology or enzyme reaction, the electrochemical biosensor has became one of the leading technologies. Therefore, we highlighted the composition and basic principle of the electrochemical biosensor, as well as the application of biosensor in the field of phycotoxins, with a view to providing some background for the future research and application of phycotoxins in China. [ Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards, 2015, 5 （3） ：47 - 53 ]