中文摘要：

用全球五格子降水的二数据集并且全球 850 hPa geopotential 高度在 1979-2007 期间，这研究在五规模上识别了全球季风马槽和行动(ACA ) 的全球大气的中心。全球季风马槽由行星规模的季风马槽和半岛规模季风马槽组成。在太阳的放射由季节的变化强迫了，热带集中地区(ITCZ ) 代表行星规模的季风马槽，它是活跃的并且变在热带诺思太平洋，热带诺思大西洋，和热带南方印度洋上。半岛规模季风马槽从地区性的陆地海地形学被发源并且在季节的陆地海表面温度和猛冲与对比变化了。在北方的夏天期间，五半岛规模马槽和一行星规模的马槽在亚洲西北太平洋(NWP ) 区域被散布。总共，在更低的对流层的 22 马槽，九季风马槽，和 19 ACA 被识别。相关 ACA 可能在构造地区性的季风和发行量索引是有用的。

英文摘要：

Using two datasets of global pentad grid precipitation and global 850 hPa geopotential height during 1979-2007, this study identified global monsoon troughs and global atmospheric centers of action （ACAs） on a pentad scale. The global monsoon troughs consist of planetary-scale monsoon troughs and peninsula-scale monsoon troughs. Forced by seasonal variations in solar radiation, the inter-tropical convergence zones （ITCZs） represent the planetary-scale monsoon troughs, which are active and shift over the tropical North Pacific, the tropical North Atlantic, and the tropical South Indian oceans. The peninsula-scale monsoon troughs are originated from regional land-sea topography and varied with contrasts in seasonal land-sea surface temperatures and precipitation. During the boreal summer, five peninsula-scale troughs and one planetary-scale trough are distributed in the Asia-Northwest Pacific （NWP） region. In total, 22 troughs, nine monsoon troughs, and 19 ACAs in the lower troposphere were identified. Relevant ACAs may be useful in constructing regional monsoon and circulation indices.