中文摘要：

选取作物缺水指数（CSWI）对渭河流域进行干旱监测，并利用监测数据对模拟结果进行验证，在此基础上分析渭河流域干旱状况。结果表明：①模拟值和实测值的相关系数达到0．80，在一定程度上验证了模型的有效性。②渭河流域2006、2007年和2009年均属于轻度干旱，2008年属于中度干旱；3—7月作物缺水指数逐渐减小；8-12月逐渐增大，1—3月又逐渐减小。③对于不同植被类型，林地的作物缺水指数最高，草地和农田的作物缺水指数相当，属于轻度干旱。

英文摘要：

The Weihe River Basin, with an obvious horizontal and vertical zonality of climate, is distributed in three climatic zones including the temperate, warm-temperate semiarid and warm-temperate semi-humid zones in the Guanzhong region. Annual temperature decreases gradually from the south to the north and from the lowland to the highland, and its average was in a range of 7.8 - 13.5 ℃. Affected by topography, precipitation in the drain- age basin is limited and distributed unevenly with obvious seasonal and annual changes, and the annual precipitati- on is in a range of 450 - 700 mm. Annual potential evaporation is 700 - 1 200 mm, and the frost-free season is for 120 -220 days. Surface runoff in the Weihe River Basin comes mainly from precipitation, and its distribution is consistent with precipitation. The average annual runoff volume is 62.2 ~ 10s m3 , and more than 55% of which is from Qinling Mountains. Surface water resources is poor at the Weihe River plain and the north Shaanxi Loess Plat- eau, and the annual runoff depth is only 10 to 25 mm. In this paper, the crop water stress index （CSWI） method was used to monitor drought in the Weihe River Basin, and the derived involving potential evapotranspiration （ETp） and actual evapotranspiration （ETa ） parameters were introduced. Based on the results, the drought condi- tions in the Weihe River Basin were studied, and the results were validated with the observed data. The monitoring results are follows： （1） The model was validated by comparing the simulated data with the observed data, and the correlation coefficient was 0.80. These results reflect the effectiveness of the model ; （2） Drought in the Weihe River was slight in 2006, 2007 and 2009 and moderate in 2008; the CSWI was decreased from March to July, and in- creased gradually from August to December; （3） For the different vegetation types, the CSWI of woodland was the highest, that of grassland and farmland was similar, and drought was slight.