中文摘要：

泥石流在堆积区进行堆积时,常在沟口形成回淤并造成灾害。为了探讨泥石流在沟口回淤的发展过程、影响因素及其预测,开展了4组107次泥石流连续堆积和4组共21次单次堆积实验。实验结果表明,粘性泥石流在沟口回淤的发展过程中,累积回淤长度与泥石流累积总量呈线性正相关,相对累积回淤坡度与泥石流累积总量呈对数负相关,根据相对累积回淤坡度的变化将粘性泥石流沟口回淤的发展过程分为三个阶段;在泥石流总量相同的情况下,回淤长度随泥石流重度增大而呈线性增大,随堆积区坡度增大而呈线性减小,随流通区坡度增大而成对数减小。相对回淤坡度随泥石流重度的增大呈线性减小,随堆积区坡度增大而呈线性增大,随流通区坡度增大而呈线性增大;在泥石流总量不同的情况下,随泥石流总量的增大,其沟口回淤长度随之呈线性增大,而相对回淤坡度随之呈线性减小;在粘性泥石流沟口回淤发展过程及其影响因素分析的基础上,采用多元线性回归的方法,建立了粘性泥石流在连续堆积及单次堆积情况下沟口回淤的经验预测公式。

英文摘要：

Back siltation is usually formed in the outlet of viscous debris flow channel and causes damages.To discuss the development process,the influence factors and prediction of the back siltation in viscous debris flow gullies,107 continuous experiments in four groups and 21 single experiments in four groups are carried out in different debris flow volumes,densities,slopes of deposition area and channel conditions.The results indicate that the accumulative back siltation length has a linear positive relation with the debris flow volume,and the relative accumulative back silation slope has a logarithmic negative relation with the debris flow volume.Based on the change of the relative accumulative back siltation slope,the development of the back siltation in viscous debris flow gullies are divided into three stages.Under the same debris flow volume condition,the back siltation length increases linearly with the increase of debris flow density,decreases linearly with the increase of slope of deposition area and decreases logarithmically with the increase of channel slope;the relative back silation slope decreases linearly with the increase of debris flow density,increases linearly with the increase of slope of deposition area and increases linearly with the increase of channel slope.Under different debris flow volume condition,the back siltation length increases linearly and the relative back siltation slope decreases linearly with the increase of debris flow volume.Based on the analysis of back siltation development process and the influential factors,applied the multiple linear regression method,the empirical formulas in continuous and single deposition conditions are established to predict the back siltation in viscous debris flow gullies.