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中文摘要：
研究了主动拉曼增益原子介质在单向环形腔中的光学双稳态．该系统是一个相干共振的n型四能级原子系统，可在室温下实现，有能级失谐量、原子数密度、抽运场、控制场等较多的可调参数，且有无增益的透明窗口．完全通过解析方法定量给出实现光学双稳态的条件，以及可调参数的取值范围，并进一步给出实现光学多稳态的条件，为实验上实现光学双稳态与多稳态提供了理论依据．
英文摘要：
We study the optical bistability （OB） in an active Raman gain atomic medium by means of a unidirectional ring cavity. The system considered is a resonant n-type four-level atomic ensemble, which can be realized at room temperature and not only have a lot of tunable parameters, such as detuning, atomic concentration, pump and control field, but also possess gain-free （or little gain） transparent windows. We discuss the conditions and the range of these parameters for realizing OB, and also the condition for realizing optical multistability. Our results will provide the theoretical basis for experimental realization.
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