中文摘要：

目的研究外周血中3个CD4^＋Foxp3^＋T细胞亚群在乙肝病毒感染者外周血中频率及其可能的临床意义。方法分离来自无症状携带者（AsC）、慢性乙型肝炎患者（CHB）以及健康对照（Health）的外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）,用流式细胞术分析PBMC中3个CD4^＋Foxp3^＋T细胞亚群占CD4^＋T细胞的比例,并分析其与临床参数间的相关性,同时将CD4^＋CD25^＋Foxp3^＋Treg作对比分析。结果CD4^＋CD45RA^＋Foxp3^（lo）（静息态Treg）频率在各实验组间无显著差别;CD4^＋CD45RA^-Foxp3^（lo）（非Treg）频率在CHB组和AsC组间无明显差别,但两组相对Health组明显升高;CHB组CD4^＋CD45RA^-Foxp3^（hi）（活动态Treg）明显高于AsC组和Health组。在CHB和AsC病例中活动态Treg与HBV病毒载量,HBeAg状态均无显著相关性。在CHB病例中活动态Treg与ALT水平不相关。结论相当比例的不具抑制功能的Foxp3^＋T细胞可能混杂在CD4^＋CD25^＋Foxp3^＋Treg的分析中,因此活动态Treg比CD4^＋CD25^＋Foxp3^＋Treg更准确能反应Treg在乙肝病毒感染者中的状态。在CHB患者中活动态Treg生成增多并可能在肝内炎症损伤中发挥自我保护作用。

英文摘要：

Regulatory T cell may be involved in chronic persistence of hepatitis B virus infection.We investigated the frequency and clinical correlation of three CD4~＋Foxp3~＋T cell subsets in the peripheral blood of chronic HBV patients（CHB）,asymptomatic HBV carriers（AsC）,and healthy controls,in comparison with CD4~＋CD25~＋Foxp3~＋Tregs.The frequency of CD4~＋CD45RA~＋Foxp3~（lo） T cells（resting Treg） didn＇t show significant difference among the subjects.Patients with CHB or AsC exhibited a significantly higher frequency of CD4~＋CD45RA~-Foxp3~（lo） T cells（non-Treg） compared with healthy controls.The frequency of CD4~＋CD45RA~-Foxp3~（hi） T cells（activated Treg） in CHB patients was higher than that in AsC patients and healthy controls.The frequency of activated Treg had no correlation with hepatitis B envelope（HBe） antigen status and serum HBV load in patients with CHB and AsC.And activated Tregs had also no correlation with ALT level in CHB patients.Our findings suggest that activated Tregs could more precisely represented the Treg in HBV research than CD4~＋CD25~＋Foxp3~＋ Treg do,because of its advantage of excluding the unspecific contaminated non-Treg cells.Furthermore, activated Tregs could increase higher in CHB patients and might play a protective role during hepatic injury.