中文摘要：

以Zn粉为原料，采用水热法制备了由氧化锌纳米棒自组装而成的氧化锌纳米棒微球和氧化锌亚微米棒，对氧化锌纳米棒微球进行了镍掺杂，用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对产物的结构和微观形貌进行了表征，探讨了反应机理，并测试了其气敏性质。研究发现，氧化锌纳米棒微球具有良好的气敏性质，对酒精和汽油具有较高的灵敏度，镍的掺杂明显提高了氧化锌纳米棒微球在酒精和汽油之间的选择性。

英文摘要：

ZnO nanorods-microspheres organized by zinc oxide nanorods and sub-micrometer rods were prepared in a hydro-thermal method, using zinc powder as the starting material. Their structure and morphology were characterized by XRD and SEM analyses, and their gas sensitivities were measured. The results show that the zinc oxide nanorods-microspheres doped with nickel can enhance their selectivity to ethanol and gasoline.