中文摘要：

以锌锭为原料，采用锌蒸气直接氧化法制备出了四针状氧化锌晶须，研究了蒸发温度及氧化温度对晶须形貌的影响。结果表明：当蒸发温度为980-1050℃时，产物为四针状氧化锌晶须，属六方纤锌矿晶体结构；当蒸发温度为950℃时，产物为非晶须，呈颗粒状或片状，氧化反应温度为900℃时，获得形貌均匀的四针状氧化锌晶须，降低反应温度至800℃，四针状氧化锌晶须的单根针状体变长；四针状氧化锌晶须按气一固方式进行生长，单根针状体晶须按螺旋位错方式长大。

英文摘要：

The tetrapod zinc oxide whisker was prepared by direct oxidation of zinc vapor using zinc ingot as raw material. The effects of the evaporation temperature and oxidation temperature on the morphology of whisker were investigated. The results indicate that in zinc evaporation temperature range of 980--1 050℃, product was the tetrapod zinc oxide whisker which showed hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure. While the product at 950 ℃ had a granular or flake morphology, but not whisker. At the oxidation reaction temperature of 900 ℃, the tetrapod zinc oxide whisker with uniform morphology could be obtained. Reduced the temperature to 800 ℃, single whisker of the tefrapod zinc oxide grew longer.： The tetrapod zinc oxide whisker growth was controlled by a vapor-solid process, and the growth of single whisker was governed by the screw dislocation mechanism.