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混凝土静态破碎主裂纹导向技术的试验研究

ISSN号：1002-3550
期刊名称：混凝土
时间：2013.11.27
页码：11-13+17
分类：TU528.01[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]
作者机构：[1]辽宁科技大学矿业工程学院,辽宁鞍山114051, [2]大连理工大学土木工程学院,辽宁大连116024
相关基金：国家门然科学基金委创新研究群体基金（51121005）;辽宁科技大学青年基金（2012QN07）
相关项目：工程安全与监控

关键词：静态破碎, 局部破碎, 主裂纹导向, soundless cracking, part break, oriented technic to main crack

中文摘要：

静态破碎的突出优点是安全、环保，在石材开采、岩石、混凝上等脆性材料局部破碎、城市建筑物拆除工程中应用较为广泛，但存存着作用时间长、破碎不易预测和控制、易产生喷孔、低温“致死”等难题。针对静态破碎过程中破碎不易预测和控制的难题．运用断裂力学理论和应力集中原理，进行了静态破碎剂作用下混凝土模型主裂纹的导向技术探索试验。通过对尺寸为200mm×200mm×200mm和300mm×300mm×300mm的多个模型的试验，摸索出一种可以将混凝土静态破碎主裂纹方向进行人为控制的方法，即存钻孔中置入宽度与孔径相等，高度与孔深相等的薄板，薄板的方向为主裂纹预想方向。结果显示在孔中置入强度较低的薄板材料（比如木板）时，起不到破碎主裂纹导向作用，而用强度较高的薄板材料（比如钢板）时，破碎主裂纹方向导向作用比较明显。作者认为这项技术对岩石、混凝土等脆性材料的局部破碎或者石材开采，有重要的实际应用价值，值得进一步深入研究和试用推广。

英文摘要：

The most advantage were safety and environmentally friendly of soundless cracking.It＇s applicated widely in urban building demolition, stone mining, part break engineering in brittleness material like rock.But it had some difficult problems, such as need a long time, broken was not easy to predict and control, easy to produce orifce, low temperature lead to ＂death＂, and so on.Contraposed the puz-zle of crack wasn＇t easy to forecast and difficult to control in the process of soundless crack, applied the rupture mechanics theory and the stress centralize principle, finished some physical experiments to explore the oriented technic of main crack in the failure of concrete model with SCA （soundless cracking agent ）.Based on the different models about 200 mm×200 mm×200 mm and 300 mm×300 mm×300 mm, finded a method to control the direction of main crack by manual work in the stave process, put a lamella into bore, the breadth of lamella was equal to the aperture and the height of lamella was equal to the deep of bore, direction of the lamella was the direction of main crack which we expect,the result showed that it had no effect for the direction of main crack when we had put the low intensity lamella （for ex- ample ,wood block ） into bore ,but had an evident oriented effect for the direction of main crack when we had put the high intensity lamella （ for example, armor plate ） into bore.Authors consider that this technic has important realism significance and economic value for stave on partly crash and especial shape in the stave engineering, it is good for more research and probation.

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