中文摘要：

MicroRNAs (miRNAs ) 是非编码规章的 RNAswhich 的约 22 nt 的一个班在优核质是通用的。他们为劈开或翻译压抑由 targetingmRNAs 充当基因表示的否定管理者。miRNAs 广泛地参予与植物联系的基因表示的规定发展过程，例如在植物的机关形态发生和 signaltransduction 小径。类似于在植物的抗病毒的 RNA silencing， miRNA 小径被 silencing 也介入压制病毒编码的 ors。在这评论，我们给调停 miRNA 的规章的小径和调停 siRNA 的 RNA silencing 之间的差别的一篇简短摘要。Inparticular，我们在 miRNA 上考察最近的研究规章的角色在种发展进程，以及干扰病毒在 miRNA 小径压制 ors，试图在真核细胞的有机体把卓见装入基因表达式规定的复杂性。

英文摘要：

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a class of -22 nt noncoding regulatory RNAs which are universal in eukaryotes. They act as negative regulator of gene expression by targeting mRNAs for cleavage or translational repression, miRNAs widely participate in regulation of gene expression associated with plant developmental processes, such as organs morphogenesis and signal transduction pathway in plants. Similar to antiviral RNA silencing in plants, miRNA pathway is also interfered by silencing suppressors encoded by viruses. In this review we give a brief summary of the differences between miRNA-mediated regulatory pathway and siRNA-mediated RNA silencing. In particular, we review the recent studies on miRNA regulatory roles in plant developmental processes, as well as the interference of viral suppressors in miRNA pathway, aiming to get an insight into the complexity of gene expression regulation in eukaryotic organisms.