中文摘要：

目的：应用超声射频信号血管内中膜分析（quality intima-media thickness,QIMT）技术测量肥胖儿童的颈动脉内中膜厚度（intima-media thickness,IMT）,探讨肥胖儿童代谢异常状况与颈动脉IMT间的关系。方法：由1名高年资超声医师应用QIMT技术,测量32例肥胖儿童（肥胖组）和20名正常对照儿童（对照组）的双侧颈总动脉IMT。结果：肥胖组与对照组儿童的空腹血糖（FBG）、总胆固醇（TCH）及低密度脂蛋白（LDL）差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;肥胖组儿童的三酰甘油（TG）高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,高密度脂蛋白（HDL）则明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;肥胖组儿童的颈总动脉IMT明显高于对照组,差异亦有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：肥胖儿童的颈动脉IMT已开始增加,并可合并高脂血症,提示动脉硬化（AS）是可在小儿时期得病、成人发病。超声检查颈动脉IMT简便、安全无创,可作为早期发现AS的一个良好的预报因子。

英文摘要：

Objective To study whether atherosclerosis begins in childhood by measuring the intima-media thickness of carotid artery in obese children using ultrasound radiofrequency data based quality intima-media thickness（QIMT） technology.Methods Intima-media thickness of carotid artery was measured in 32 obese children and 20 healthy children（control group） by QIMT.Blood lipid profiles and fasting blood glucose were measured.Results There were no differences in fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein levels between the two groups（P0.05）,however,high density lipoprotein level was lower（P0.05） and triglyceride level was higher in obese group（P0.01）.The intima-media thickness of carotid artery in obese group was significantly higher than that in control group（P0.01）.Conclusion The increasing of carotid artery intima-media thickness starts in childhood and might be associated with hyperlipidemia,this suggests that atherosclerosis may be started in childhood and developed in adult.Measuring carotid artery intima-media thickness by ultrasound is safe and non-invasive,and could be used as a predictive factor for atherosclerosis.