中文摘要：

由于器官移植技术的发展和受者生存期的延长，免疫抑制剂的应用种类及使用时间均有所提高，虽然降低了排斥反应，但也使患者免疫功能受到不同程度的抑制，使其更易遭受病毒感染，影响患者生活质量，威胁患者生命，现已成为移植失败的决定因素。而病毒感染的种类与移植时间密切相关，起初疱疹病毒占据主要地位，随着时间的延长，不仅机会感染逐渐增加，而且导致感染恶化，癌症发生。因此，通过对器官移植受体常见病毒感染性皮肤病及相关危险因素的研究，可为临床预防、治疗及预后判断提供指导意义。

英文摘要：

With the development of organ transplantation and extension of survival, the types of and duration of treatment with immunosuppressants have increased constantly. Although these immunosuppressive agents impair patients＂ reactivity to the graft, they inhibit the immune function of recipients to some degrees, and make them more susceptible to viral infections, which may influence patients＂ quality of life and even threaten their lives. Now, secondary viral infection has become a determinative factor in the success of transplantation. The categories of skin viral infection are closely associated with the duration after organ transplant. In the early months, herpes virus predominates; with the time prolongation, opportunistic infections increase, which may lead to the deterioration of infection and development of cancer. Therefore, to study the viral infection-associated dermatoscs and related risk factors in organ transplant recipients will provide a guide to clinical prevention, treatment and Drognostic evaluation.