中文摘要：

以柚子皮水热炭为前驱体，KOH为活化剂，800℃活化制备层次孔炭电极材料。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、N2吸附法对活性炭的表面形貌和孔结构进行了表征，并评价了其在无机电解液体系（3mol／LKOH）中的电化学性能。结果表明，碱碳比为1：1时制备的活性炭呈蜂窝状结构，其比表面积、总孔容分别达到1421m^2／g和0．7626cm^3／g，相应的电极材料具有典型的双电层电容特性，质量比电容和体积比电容分别达到226F／g和250F／cm^3（电极片密度为1．1g／cm^3），1000次循环之后电容保持率达到91．45％。与柚子皮直接活化制备的电极材料相比，质量比电容和体积比电容分别增加了31．40％和37．36％。

英文摘要：

Using the hydrothermal carbon （HTC） of shaddock peel as precursor, KOH as activator, the shad- dock peel-based hierarchical porous carbons were prepared by varying the alkali/carbon ratio （ratio of KOH to HTC）, and subsequently used as electrodes of supercapacitor with 3 mol/L KOH electrolyte. SEM and the N2 physical adsorption analyzer were applied to characterize the surface morphologies and porous structures of the carbon materials. The effect of KOH ratio on the electrochemical performance was also investigated. The results showed that a high- performance carbon material with honey-comb structure could be obtained while the alkali/carbon ratio was 1 ： 1. Its specific surface area, pore volume, mass specific capacitance and volumetric specific capacitance achieved 1421 m^2/g, 0. 7626 cm^3/g, 226 F/g and 250 F/cm^3 respectively, and the capacitance could retain 91.45 % after 1000 cycles. Compared with directly activated （800℃） shaddock peel, its mass specific capacitance and volumetric specific capacitance had superiorities of 31.40% and 37.36% respectively.