中文摘要：

对中国长江中下游地区的江苏、浙江、安徽、湖北、湖南5个省的7个市（南京、无锡、扬州、杭州、合肥、武汉、长沙）的禾本科植物进行了采样调查。从以上地区的17个地点发现了大量的分蘖上长有真菌子座的鹅观草植物群落。从中分离到75株真菌菌株，并对这些菌株进行了形态学研究：真菌子座圆柱状，初期白色，成熟后变黄；子囊壳梨形，高205-275μm，最大直径90-140μm；子囊柱状，（188．6-251．7）μm×（5．0～5．3）μm；子囊孢子无色透明，丝状，（183．4-250．2）μm×（1．9-2．1）μm，萌发时有隔膜，不分节；分生孢子无色透明，舟形或肾形，单个顶生，（4．9±0．6）μm×（2．8±0．7）μm；分生孢子梗长16．5-30．6μm，基部宽2．2-3．1μm，顶端变尖，为典型的Epichloee属真菌的形态结构。研究发现我国的Epichloee-Roegneria组合在长江中下游地区分布比较广，资源丰富，而且这些真菌的形态学特征显示，这些菌株与前人报道的有明显的差别。

英文摘要：

The field surveys were carried in order to understand the basic distribution of the Epichloee endophytes and their host plants in 5 provinces （Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei and Hunan） in the middle and lower basin of Yangtze River. From 17 sites in 7 cities （Nanjing, Wuxi, Yangzhou, Hangzhou, Hefei, Wuhan and Changsha） , we found abundant Roegneria population infected by Epichloee endophyte. From these plants we obtained 75 fungal isolates, and investigated the morphological characters： on the culms, stromata 20. 2-58. 1 mm long; in early stage, the conidial stroma somewhat waxy, white, and then gradually turning yellow to orange ; perithecia pyriform, with short paller necks, 205 275μm high, 90 -140μm wide, ca 25 per mm^2 ; asci （ 188.6-251.7）μm×（5.0-5.3） μm, containing eight ascospores ; ascospores filamentous, （ 183.4 -250.2）μm×（1.9-2.1） μm, hyaline, non-disarticulating. On the culture medium, conidiogenous cells discrete, arising solitary from the aerial mycelium, septated at the base, hyaline, smooth, 16. 5-30.6 μm long, 2.2-3.1μm at base, tapering to less than 1.0 μm at tip; conidiahyaline, lunate to reniform, （4.9±0.6）μm×（2.8±0.7） μm. Allofthese are typicalmorphological characters of Epichloee endophytes. In this study, we found the Epichloee-Roegneria symbionts were widespread in the middle and lower basin of Yangtze River, and significant differences in the morphological characters between these fungal isolates from China and other Epichloee endophytes reported previously.